As of: February 8, 2024, 6:00 p.m
By: Jonas Napiletzki
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Practical expert: Heating engineer Markus Hobel from Valley knows what makes the heating law particularly challenging for the district.
© Thomas Plettenberg
Markus Hobel explains in an interview what challenges the heating law brings with it - especially for the Miesbach district.
District
- It had been heatedly discussed for months, and it came into force at the turn of the year: The so-called Heating Act has defined new standards for heat supply since January 1st.
In an interview with our newspaper, Markus Hobel (43) gives an example of what is in store for homeowners, why oil heating systems continue to be sold and what challenges there are specifically in the district.
The plumbing and heating engineer from Valley warns of unpleasant surprises, especially when it comes to heat pumps.
But he doesn't want to demonize the technology across the board.
Mr. Hobel, the heating law was heavily criticized in advance. What is in the final version?
Markus Hobel:
Roughly speaking, a heating system in a new building must be based on at least 65 percent renewable energy.
Different rules apply in existing buildings; gas and oil are also currently allowed to be installed.
However, it is very difficult to summarize this in detail.
I only received the final version from the wholesaler during a training course a week ago - it is twelve pages long.
In the future, customers will be required to have a paid consultation.
At the end, everyone has to sign an eight-page protocol to document the consultation.
You can imagine how much work this is for both sides.
How does such advice work in practice?
Hobel:
I advise and inform my customers about the advantages and disadvantages of the different heating options for their property.
Which heating system is suitable for whom depends primarily on the house, its year of construction and the square meters.
In our country I sell around 80 percent oil and gas and 20 percent heat pumps.
This is also because I work primarily in renovation and only a little in new construction.
Last year in particular, many homeowners quickly replaced their old oil or gas heating system.
Heating engineer: “Electricity costs can be higher than stated”
Why don't you sell more heat pumps?
Hobel:
It must be made clear that the electricity costs of heat pumps in old buildings can be higher than stated.
If customers still want the heat pump, I will of course install the system.
What is the reason for this deviation?
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Planer:
A heat pump can usually still be operated efficiently up to a heating flow temperature of 55 degrees and therefore requires a ratio of around one part electricity to three parts heat.
This is enough for well-insulated houses with underfloor heating.
But many have houses from the 1970s, 80s or 90s with heating systems that are 30 to 40 years old - and they have a problem.
Although the systems can achieve up to 60 degrees, they then require one part electricity to two parts heat.
One degree more flow temperature means an additional energy requirement for the heat pump of around 2.5 percent.
Where does this high energy requirement come from?
Planer:
This is also because most heat pumps use an electric heating element to help if they cannot reach the flow temperature without it.
A PV system with battery storage is partially profitable, but involves high acquisition costs.
In addition, the system would constantly run at full load and would therefore break down more quickly.
You can imagine it like a car that is constantly running at full throttle.
It is not yet clear who will dispose of the heat pumps.
Apparently no one has really thought about this yet.
Detached, older houses: High flow temperature required
What proportion of houses do we have that are not adequately insulated for heat pumps?
Hobel:
This affects the vast majority of people in the district.
We have many towns here with detached, older houses that offer much more exposure to wind and cold than, for example, a terraced or apartment building in the city.
In addition, we currently have no district heating.
In most cases, a heat pump would require an energy-efficient renovation.
And it quickly costs 80,000 to 100,000 euros - which is also a matter of money for 70 to 80 year old homeowners.
What alternatives are there for such cases?
Planer:
In addition to oil heating, for example a liquid gas system with a tank underground or behind the house, combined with a thermal solar system.
With appropriately certified biogas, 65 percent renewable energy can now be achieved.
Wood chips still play a role mainly for farmers with their own wood.
With pellets it is more difficult because they have become very expensive.
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