As of: March 8, 2024, 6:43 p.m
By: Doris Schmid
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Habitat for animals and plants, a place to relax for people: the forest like here near Tattenkofen (municipality of Dietramszell) fulfills many tasks.
Climate change is becoming more and more difficult for him.
© Hans Lippert
What special trees are there in the district?
Where is the highest?
Which is the fattest?
With the help of the Office for Food, Agriculture and Forestry, we are presenting special specimens in no particular order under the title “From the Root to the Crown”.
Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen – Bavaria is a forested country.
Over a third of the Free State's area is forested.
Our region is doing even better.
“At 54 percent, we are above the Bavarian average,” says Korbinian Wolf, forestry director at the Office for Food, Agriculture and Forestry and responsible for the Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen and Miesbach districts.
Looking at the mountains, the forester says: “Our forest is a little different.” Wolf tells our newspaper what makes it so different.
Korbinian Wolf is forestry director at the Office for Food, Agriculture and Forestry.
© Sabine Hermsdorf-Hiss
From maple to silver fir: there are over 75 tree species in Germany.
Spruce is predominant in Bavaria, followed by pine and beech.
The forests in our region are predominantly mixed forests, mostly consisting of spruce, beech and fir.
“The largest contiguous forest area is between Bichl, Lenggries and the border with Austria,” reports Wolf.
The composition of the forests changes depending on the altitude.
At lower altitudes the beech still dominates.
“The further up you go, the spruce increases in size until it reaches the tree line,” says the expert.
In our latitudes this is between 1500 and 1600 meters.
The spruce grows quickly and straight
According to the forest director, the spruce is the “bread tree of the Bavarian Forest” because it grows quickly and straight.
In addition, this tree is easy to work with.
This makes spruce economically very interesting.
Their proportion is significantly increased in our region - especially in the mountain forests in the southern district.
“The beech is the mother of the forest,” says Wolf.
Their leaves are a miracle cure for barren soils.
“The beech ensures good humus formation and creates deep, nutrient-rich soil for the entire tree family,” explains the expert.
Lack of water leads to stress.
Forestry Director Korbinian Wolf
The dry periods caused by climate change are becoming more and more difficult for the forest and spruce in particular.
These led to stress in trees during the growing season in summer.
“If there is a lack of water, it leads to stress,” reports the forester.
Then the spruce trees lack the liquid to produce resin.
This is important to keep pests such as bark beetles at bay.
Normally the spruce tree surrounds the bark beetle with its resin - the pest dies.
“If the spruce cannot defend itself against it, it is the one that dies.” This is what happened in the Franconian Forest, which, according to Wolf, is massively affected by drought.
Within a few years, well over 10,000 hectares of forest had disappeared.
Rain always fell at important times
“We have not yet had this massive damage to the spruce trees.
So far we've still escaped with a black eye," says the forestry director.
Due to the district's location on the northern side of the Alps, “we have a relatively high amount of precipitation.”
The clouds would build up on the mountains and rain down there.
“Rain has always come at important times,” reports the expert.
“He provided the spruce trees with good water.”
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Nevertheless, we are keeping an eye on developments, says Wolf, who considers the dynamics to be serious.
“It's heading south and the damage is increasing,” said the 41-year-old.
The aim is to make the forests “fit for the future” with various measures.
Not an easy task, because: “We foresters don’t know which tree species will be able to cope with climate change in 50 to 100 years.” Diversity is therefore a key word.
Many different trees such as fir, maple, elm, larch, oak, linden and so on are needed in the forests “in order to be prepared for climatic changes”.
As with a stock portfolio, you rely on different pillars in order to keep the risk as low as possible.
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