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Autumn Flower Map: What can you see blooming in nature now?
Almost a week without closure - this is exactly the invitation to go out and enjoy the autumn blooms that are already appearing in our country.
So where can you see yellow yolks?
Where do pink saffrons pop up and when do we smell daffodils?
Here is the flowering map for the pleasant shedding season
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Flowering
Fall
Yolk
Narcissus
flowers
Walla!
Tourism
Friday, 23 October 2020, 00:03
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"
It's such a season, dude, it's just autumn and it's over
," sings Arik Einstein in the song "Autumn Wind" written by Yechiel Mohar, and indeed we are in the midst of the season that began last month and will soon be replaced by the rainy winter.
So before she passes, it's time to go out into nature - the most protected, healthy and corona-free place - to enjoy the autumn blooms, before she passes.
To this end, we "recruited" Margareta Wolczak, a plant ecologist at the Nature and Parks Authority, to enlighten our eyes on the flowers you can see now, what sets them apart and where they can be found.
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Most wild plants in Israel bloom in late winter and spring.
When the soil is wet and the temperatures are comfortable, they produce colorful, fragrant and diverse flowering carpets.
Autumn is not a comfortable season for flowering.
After a long, hot, dry summer, most plants wait for rain to wet the soil and provide the water necessary for growth.
Despite this there are a number of species that actually bloom in the fall, before the rains or with the initial rains.
These plants store water and food reservoirs in the tissues that allow growth and flowering, especially the plants from the geophyte group (the plants have underground onions, tubers or rhizomes).
What, after all, is the advantage of autumnal flowering?
It is worth remembering that flowering is part of the reproductive mechanism of plants, which leads to the formation of seeds from which new plants will grow in the future.
In order for the seeds and pollen fruits to form in the male organs of one flower, a scar of the leaves (the female part of the flower) in another flower must be reached.
This process is called pollination.
In most plants in our area the pollen is made by insects, which in exchange for pollination services find food in the flowers: nectar or pollen.
To attract pollinators, the plants have developed a variety of methods: large and impressive flowers, colorful flowers, and insect-shaped flowers.
The solitary plants that bloom in the fall avoid the huge competition for pollinator visits that characterizes the spring season with abundant flowering.
That is why they do not have to invest so much energy to attract the insects.
On the other hand, the number and variety of pollinators in the fall is much lower.
We have chosen to present some common plants that you can meet right near the house in the city or in the countryside in areas that are not yet covered with concrete or asphalt.
Look for those remnants of nature: on Tarshi Hill, in a pit field, in a wadi that separates residential neighborhoods, on abandoned terraces.
Other places can be reached on a short walk from home.
Here is the map of autumn blooms for the coming weeks.
Saffron Crossword.
Blooming these days in a strong ridge (again) in the Golan (Photo: Dr. Racheli Einav)
Winter crocus: blooms only in Syria and here
Winter crocus is a geophyte from the iris family, with an underground tuber.
It is the most common of the eight crocus species that grow in Israel and grows in Israel in all mountainous areas with a Mediterranean climate: in the Upper Galilee, in the Lower Galilee, in the Carmel, in Samaria, in the South, in the Judean Mountains.
Grows mainly in cottages and shrubs, even in areas fertilized by human activity.
The crocus grows leaves and begins to bloom after the initial rains in November.
Its narrow leaves are easy to spot with the white stripe on the top.
The flowers have six bracts white, yellow at the base and with purple lines along them.
The plant is characterized by three stamens and a column of leaves split into lobes.
Fruits of the crocus ripen underground.
Winter crocus is a plant endemic to the Levant and outside the borders of Israel it grows only in Syria.
In the genus Crocus 90 species including a cultural crocus whose orange petioles are used as a saffron spice (saffron).
Begins to bloom after the initial rains in November.
Winter crocus (Photo: Uri Erlich, Nature and Parks Authority)
Belongs to the engagement family.
Crocus in Nahal Moran in the Upper Galilee (Photo: Eyal Shapira)
Jurassic saffron: Blooms before the rains begin
Jurassic saffron belongs to the group of plants called "autumn harbingers" that bloom before the rains begin.
It is common in mountainous areas in the Mediterranean climate: in the Upper Galilee, the Lower Galilee, the Kinneret Valley, the Carmel, the Acre Valley, the Carmel Coast, Samaria, the Shephelah, the Judean Mountains, but it can also be seen in the northern Negev.
The saffron is grown in cottages or pit fields.
Jurassic saffron belongs to the saffron family that was recently separated from the rose family.
It is the most common of the 10 saffron species grown in Israel.
In the Negev, the saffron of the husks, which blooms in September, is common.
Jurassic saffron begins to bloom in October.
The saffron shoots a small, shallow tuber that grows in small rings between its shells.
From each ring a new plant develops and thus the shoot saffron produces large and dense clusters.
The leaves of the shoot saffron are very narrow, the flowers have six pink bracts, six stamens and three petals.
The fruits of saffron develop in the ground.
Expropriation of saffron contains a toxic alkaloid called colchicine that protects it from predation.
Indeed most animals do not touch it, but it turns out that spurs are probably able to cope with this poison and eat the tubers with great appetite.
Its fruits develop in the soil.
The saffron shoots in Carmel (Photo: Uri Ehrlich, Nature and Parks Authority)
She recently got her own family - the Rose family.
Jurassic saffron (Photo: Merav Lebel, Nature and Parks Authority)
Ben-Hatzav Saffron: Looking at it through a magnifying glass
Ben-Hatzav Saffron is a tiny geophyte from the rose family.
It is hard to believe that he is a relative of Ben-Hatzav, the impressive and prominent hyacinth in the field during the spring season.
The saffron-white saffron in an underground shade from which grow thin leaves and inflorescences that rise to a height of up to 12 cm, on which are arranged tiny lilac flowers with a darker artery at the bottom.
The six bracts are spread out wide and between them stand six stamens with broad bracts and dark stems.
You should look at the tiny flower in a magnifying glass to discover its beauty.
Ben-Hatzav saffron is very common in the Mediterranean region: in the Upper Galilee, in the Kinneret Valley, in the Carmel, in the Jezreel Valley, on the Galilee coast, in the Acre Valley, in the Carmel coast, in the Sharon, in the Judean mountains, but it also grows on the edge of the desert areas: And in the northern Negev.
Look for it in cottages and shrubs in places exposed to the sun.
You will find that it produces sparse carpets.
In winter, when many plants are in full bloom, you may find its delicate stems bearing small fruits that open and scatter black seeds.
A relative of Ben-Hatzav Hyacinth.
Ben-Hatzav Saffron (Photo: Merav Lebel, Nature and Parks Authority)
Cute, but produces sparse rugs.
Ben-Hatzav Saffron (Photo: Shaked Bohbot, Nature and Parks Authority)
Large yolk: from Mount Hermon to the Negev
The big yolk is one of the favorite plants by naturalists in Israel.
Its distribution is quite wide from Mount Hermon to the Negev Mountains, but the populations are fragmented (there is no sequence between them).
Thus it grew on Mount Hermon, in the Golan Heights (Aloni HaBashan Reserve, Susita and Nahal Mitzar), in the Upper Galilee (Mount Meron Reserve, Nahal Hatzor, Nahal Rosh Pina, Nahal Dishon), in the Lower Galilee (Mount Tabor), in Samaria (Nahal Bezeq, Nahal Yitav - Kochav Hashachar), in the Judean Mountains (Nahal Sorek Reserve, Sansen Reserve), in Gush Etzion, in the Judean Desert (Nahal Oboe), in the northern Negev (Yatir Forest, near Yeshuv Lehavim, Givot Gorel south of the Lahav South Reserve), in the Negev (Yeruham Yolk and Reserve) Morning ridge).
Many of these places are accessible on foot from the nearby village.
A large yolk is an onion-shaped geophyte and it belongs to the daffodil family.
The flowers are very large (10-15 cm) and stand out in the field thanks to their bright yellow color.
The flowers are fragrant and produce nectar that attracts pollinators and are pollinated by butterflies and bees.
The flower has six bracts, six stamens.
The lower part of the flower (tube) is in the ground.
Yolk begins its life cycle in the fall straight from flowering.
Only towards the end of flowering do the leaves begin to grow.
Like saffron and crocus, the fruit of an egg yolk ripens below the surface.
The black seeds of an egg yolk are equipped with a white fatty body known as pens, which are sought after by ants as an energy-rich food.
The ants collect the seeds and thus help in the distribution of the plant.
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One of the best places to see them is in the Negev.
Yolks in Yeruham (Photo: Assaf Tamir)
Belongs to the daffodil family.
Big yolk (Photo: Margareta Wolczak, Nature and Parks Authority)
Autumnal daffodils: rare and endangered
Autumnal daffodil is a relative of the common daffodil, common throughout the country and blooming in early winter.
Autumnal daffodil is similar to it but more delicate and more modest.
The flowers of the autumnal daffodil are as white as the common daffodil, but smaller and have a very small yellow crown in the center.
Its scent is very delicate.
The comparison between the two species closely related to each other demonstrates the different strategies of the flowering plants in autumn, which do not have to compete with other flowers for insect pollination services, compared to the flowering plants in winter and spring in harsh competition conditions, which require them to invest heavily in advertising.
Autumnal daffodils (formerly also called apil) are rare in Israel and are included in the Red Book of Endangered Plants.
The main risk factor for autumnal daffodil populations is the intensive development that takes place in the limited area in which it grows.
Expanding settlements, establishing industrial areas, paving roads and laying railway tracks greatly reduce its habitats.
The distribution of autumnal daffodils in Israel is limited to the Carmel coast (Maagan Michael area, Beit Hanania, Jisr a-Zarqa, Nahal Taninim reserve) and northern Sharon (Hadera area).
It grows in its daughter areas and swims in soil pockets on the kurkar ridges.
You can watch it (when not driving) while driving on the coastal road in sections where the road crosses the kurkar ridges.
Common throughout the country.
Narcissus is found in the Nov meadow in the Golan Heights (Photo: Avi Ben David)
Rare in Israel and included in the Red Book of Plants.
Autumnal daffodil (Photo: Shaked Bohbot, Nature and Parks Authority)
The beach lily
The lily of the valley is one of the most impressive plants in the coastal strip of the Mediterranean Israel (Galilee Coast, Acre Valley, Carmel Coast and Sharon), thanks to its large white flowers that reach a length of 15 centimeters and have a prominent bell-shaped crown.
The fragrant and nectar-rich flowers are mostly open at night and pollinated by nocturnal insects, mostly fluttering.
The beach lily is a geophyte with perennial onions.
It blooms between August and October, so in the coming weeks we will be able to observe how its fruits develop, ripen and open, to release black seeds like charcoal and light as styrofoam.
The light seeds are distributed to distances by wind or a stream of water.
Coastal lily is one of the few plants that are resistant to seawater spray and are able to cope with high salt concentrations.
The flowers reach a length of 15 inches.
The lily of the valley (Photo: Shai Koren, Nature and Parks Authority)
In the coming weeks its fruits can be seen developing.
The lily of the valley (Photo: Shai Koren, Nature and Parks Authority)
Little Lily (Little Flower Lily)
A small-flowered lily, recently separated from the lily type and now called a small-flowered lily.
It blooms in autumn in the same season when the coastal lily, the Negev lily and the common lily also bloom, which means that its flowering is now nearing completion.
Its leaves will bloom only at the beginning of the rainy season in December in fresh clusters.
They are easy to spot even without the flowers due to their ruler shape and a white stripe running along them.
The little flower lily is a geophyte from the daffodil family.
It grows in Israel in the mountains in the Mediterranean region and is common mainly in the Upper Galilee and the Carmel.
Grows on hard limestone rocks in its daughter areas.
The flowers of Bat-Lily are collected in inflorescence - awning, white, small compared to lily species and odorless.
The bracts are decorated with a green stripe on the back and a small crown on the inside.
The crown is smaller than that of the coastal lily.
Little lily daughter in the Gilon area, Lower Galilee (Photo: Ziv Reinstein)
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