Sweida-Sana
The As-Suwaimra lioness in the governorate of As-Suwayda is unique from the rest of the sites of the ancient Bronze Age, with its fortifications and the grandeur of its buildings, which are indicated by the foundations remaining to this day from their destroyed dwellings.
The lioness of the Swaimra, according to the researcher in the area's antiquities and the former head of the Antiquities Department in As-Suwayda, Hassan Hatoum. It was an ancient city established in the northeastern corner of the Lajat region in the middle of a rocky surface formed from the volcanic torrent and the road to it is difficult even for pedestrians and is about 2.5 km away from the beginning of the road on the eastern side. .
And he indicated that the swimp lioness was classified long ago, especially on the maps of the French occupation army from the year 1920, as a Roman ruin, but when specialists visited it in 1980, they realized its importance and it became clear through its studies that it dates back to the ancient Bronze Age 3100-2100 BC.
The ancient city of As-Suwaimra, as Hatoum mentioned, was built on a flat volcanic hill surrounded by a flat spot and resembling a hill the shape of the skin of a bull. Its circumference is round. The area of the houses that were inhabited is about 3.5 hectares surrounded by a wall. The houses were built inside except for a number of them outside it from the northeastern side and in general the area of the site is About 5 hectares.
According to Hatoum, the height of the site of the As-Swaimra lioness is 846 meters above sea level and about 10 meters in circumference, indicating that the surrounding wall is an impregnable wall with 3 entrances with an average height of 1.5 to 2 meters and its defenses are strengthened by towers and pillars with a height ranging between 2 and 10 meters. City through the gate A.
For the north, another in the southwest, and a third in the east, especially in the royal or official neighborhood.
According to Hatoum, there was a circular pool of water in the center of the lioness of As-Suwaimra, according to Hatoum, a circular water pool with a diameter of 20 meters, with a rocky terrace around a meter high, and the urban fabric of the city encircled it from all sides, pointing out that there was a camp site to the north-east of the As-Suwimra lioness dating back to the Middle Bronze Age 2100-1600 BC, to the south-east, and 1 km away from it, there is an arable area of a few hectares, in addition to two wells that were on the northwestern side, and the fields adjacent to the swimp pow were suitable for grazing in the spring.
Hatoum stated that it is difficult to find clues for it, as at the regional level it remains a unique case from the second ancient Bronze Age, around 3000 BC, where we find during this age that the number of known archaeological sites in southern Syria and Jordan is relatively few and it is not the size of the Swimp lioness.
According to Hatoum, the phenomenon of urbanization and the diversity of buildings, their sizes and scales indicate a social transformation embodied by the lioness of the Swaimra at that time, and it was distinguished from the rest of the sites of the Third Ancient Bronze Age around 2800 BC through its fortifications and the greatness of its buildings, stressing the importance of continuing research and study in this important site to enrich our information about civilization during the third millennium BC in our area.
Long lifespan