Women are 51% of the Spanish population, but only 46.5% of its workforce. Latvia has the highest proportion of women in the labor market, with 50.5%.

Italy has the lowest, with 42.4% of workers, the same proportion as in Malta. Women are a minority in the Armed Forces and security forces, among construction and metal employees (11.1%) and among machinery operators (17.9%). There are a few more female bosses on average in Europe (34.5%) than in Spain.