In the second half of 2023, 14.3 million sickness certificates arrived at INPS, of which 78.0% from the private sector. Overall, sick days in the third quarter of2023 were approximately 21.6 million.

On average, the sick days per certificate were 5.2 in both the private and public sectors. The fourth quarter saw a more limited reduction by -6.9% (from 9.9 to 9.2 million) in the number of sick certificates.