Recep Tayyip Erdogan was re-elected as head of Turkey on 28 May 2023. He denied all the polls - widely reported by the Western media - which described him as lagging behind his Social Democratic rival, Kemal Kiliçdaroglu.
This is the fifteenth election in a row won by this Islamo-nationalist leader. He reassigned the Hagia Sophia to Muslim worship in 2020, after it was transformed into a museum in 1934 by Atatürk, anxious at the time to "offer it to humanity"