Women's Day 2024: 19 women are held captive by Hamas-"If they are not returned, we are not equal!"/Speakers from the headquarters of the families of the kidnapped
On the occasion of Women's Day 2024, the Central Bureau of Statistics published a series of data on the situation of women in Israel.
At the end of 2023, approximately 4,949,800 women lived in Israel, of which 31.3% were 0-17, 54.8% were 18-64
, and 13.9% were 65 or older.
Jewish women marry at an average age of 25.6 - higher than Muslim women who marry at 23.5, and lower than Christian women whose average wedding age is 27.6.
51,643 women married in 2022. 46,606 of them (about 90%) married for the first time.
The average age of women who married for the first time was 25.1, similar to 25.0 in 2012.
working woman
Single women are employed at a higher rate compared to married women/ShutterStock
Women give birth at an older age than before when in 2022 the average age of women at birth rose to 30.7, about one year and eight months higher than the age in 2000. The average age of women at first birth is about two years and one month higher than the age in 2000.
About 177.2 thousand women gave birth in 2022. The average number of children a woman in Israel is expected to give birth to during her lifetime is 2.89 children, higher than the average in the OECD countries - 1.58.
As of 2023, approximately 1.20 million women (35%) are mothers of children up to the age of 17, of which 90% are married and the rest head single-parent families, similar to the previous year.
The percentage of divorced women is higher than the percentage of divorced men in all age groups.
This situation is mainly due to the tendency of men to marry after divorce more than women.
Women in Israel live longer than men, this is similar to the global figure on the subject, when in 2022 the life expectancy of women stood at 84.8 years, compared to 80.7 years for men.
Women suffer a greater part of their lives from medical problems: they are expected to live 79.7% of their life years without a health problem that interferes with functioning, while for men the figure stands at 83.1% of their lives.
From 2012 to 2022, life expectancy increased by 1.2 years among women and 0.8 years among men.
The three years of the corona virus - 2020-2022 caused a halt in the upward trend in life expectancy, and the damage to men was greater.
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Leading women in the fields of study: the dropout rates among girls are lower than the rates among boys, and the eligibility for a matriculation certificate among 12th graders stands at 75.2% compared to 65.9% in 2022, respectively. Approximately
71.8% of 12th graders in ultra-Orthodox settings took the matriculation exam in 2022 compared to 97.1% in the general and religious-national frameworks.
The matriculation eligibility rate in the ultra-Orthodox schools was 24.1% among the girls (compared to 5.9% among the boys), and was lower than the rate in the general (88.1%) and national religious (88.9%) settings.
54.0% of the women who graduated from high school in 2017 went on to bachelor's degree studies within 8 years of graduating from high school, compared to only 35.6% of men.
In 2022/23, the percentage of women among all students in higher education institutions in Israel was 60.3% .
The proportion of women in universities - 55.1%, in academic colleges - 60.4% and in academic colleges of education - 78.7%.
In the years 2014-2022, an average of 1,158 Israeli and foreign female PhD researchers participated in postdoctoral studies each year.
The university with the highest percentage of women was Haifa University (66.0%), while the lowest percentage was at the Technion (41.8%).
The academic college with the highest percentage of women was Ahava (91.2%), while the lowest percentage was at SCE the Sami Shimon Academic College of Engineering (30.1%). In the
professional field and in terms of employment and wages, women still lag behind men: the employment rate of women In 2023, it stood at 58.3%, compared to 64.5% among men, with 67.7% of all employed women working full-time usually (35 hours or more per week) and 32.3% working part-time usually (less than 35 hours per week).
High tech.
Women make up only a third/Eastech
In the years 2015-2021, the wage gap between employed men and women increased by 2.2 percentage points, and the gap between self-employed men and women increased by 4.5 percentage points.
In 2021 the income of an independent woman was 53.9% of the income (gross) of an independent man, and the income of an employed woman was 66.1% of the income (gross) of an employed man.
The percentage of married mothers participating in the workforce reached 79.6%.
80.9% among mothers of one child, 81.5% among mothers of 2 children, 81.1% among mothers of 3 children and 73.3% among mothers of 4 or more children.
The labor force participation rate of single mothers was higher than that of married mothers - 86.0%.
The employment rate of married women reached 77.6%, compared to 82.2% among single-parent women.
90.2% of the employed women were hired, compared to 84.4% among the men, when in 2023 there were about 199,000 women who worked independently in Israel, which is 9.5% of all employed women.
Of all managers, the share of female managers reached 30.7% in 2023.
In the lucrative high-tech field, women are still a minority: about 151,000 women were employed in high-tech in 2023, compared to about 290,000 men: that is, only about a third (34.3%) of all those employed in this field.
More than a third of the women are employed in traditionally female occupations: nursing home care workers, certified nurses, teacher's aides, social workers and counselors in the fields of society and welfare, accountants, medical secretaries, secretaries, office managers, personnel and career workers, cashiers, elementary school teachers , babysitters, beauty salon workers and helpers in private households.
In the vast majority of these manual workers, women were more than 80% of the employed.
The average monthly salary of women in senior positions of general management in 2020 was NIS 39,651, 88% of the salary of a man in a senior position (NIS 44,710). The smallest salary gap between CEOs and CEOs is in public bodies in the health system (approx. NIS 3,000 per month), while the biggest pay gap is found in government companies (about NIS 12,000 more per month).
Women are an overwhelming minority as far as breaking the law and facing criminal prosecution is concerned: in 2021, 22,600 Israeli residents faced criminal prosecution, of which only 1,800 were women. about 8%. It seems that the justice system is more protective of women: the conviction rates among women on trial were significantly lower than the conviction rates among men on trial - also for adults (84.0% vs. 90.9%, respectively) and especially for minors (18.1% vs. 46.4 %, respectively).
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