The DNA map of Australian dolphins is ready, obtained thanks to 200 specimens living along the 3,000 kilometers of the southern coast: the census will provide key indications for the protection of these animals and the environments in which they live, not only in Australia but also in others parts of the world.
The result comes from a study published in the journal BMC Ecology and Evolution and led by the Australian Flinders University, and underlines the importance of genetic diversity for the adaptation of dolphins and animals in general to changes in ecosystems, for example due to change climate and human activities.
"Information on how the environment affects the DNA diversity of marine populations can help in managing populations," says Andrea Barceló, who leads the study, "and in predicting how they could cope with climate change and other anthropogenic impacts. ".
The data collected shows the presence of five populations of common dolphins (Delphinus delphis), influenced by a number of environmental factors such as local currents, water temperatures and fluctuations in salinity levels.
"It is important that those who manage our coastal environments consider the importance of DNA diversity," adds Luciana Möller, co-author of the study, "particularly in the event of changes in key environmental conditions, such as water temperature, salinity and food sources ".
The researchers also stress the need to keep different populations in contact with each other to promote the exchange of genetic material: a factor that improves the ability of animals to adapt to changes occurring in their habitats.