On the occasion of International Women's Day, the Central Bureau of Statistics published data on employment, birth and quality of life among women in Israel.
According to the bureau's data, at the end of 2021, about 4,754,900 women lived in Israel, of whom 27.0% were girls aged 14-0, 59.5% were girls aged 15-64 and 13.5% were women aged 65 and over.
The Bureau has collected data related to the employment of women and shows that in 2021 it stood at 55.7%, compared to 61.8% among men.
70% of the employed worked full-time and 30% part-time.
In 2021, there were 174.4 thousand women working in Israel as self-employed, which is 9.1% of all employed women.
The employment rate of mothers with two children in 2021 is the highest at 84.6%.
Only 28.4% of all mothers work part-time.
Of all salaried managers, 29% are women.
Of all employees with an academic occupation, 56% are women.
Data: CBS,
In 2019, the average income of an employed woman was NIS 8,308 per month, compared to NIS 12,193 per month for a man. This is a wage gap of 32%. In the last thirty years, the gender wage gap has narrowed by only 10 percentage points, from 43% in 1990 to -32% in 2019.
Regarding satisfaction, it appears that 92% of employed women are satisfied with their work, compared with 91% of men, and 64% of women are satisfied with their income, compared with 72% of men.
Bottom line 69% of employed women reported that they were ‘satisfied and very satisfied’ with the balance between home and work.
In terms of personal security, it appears that most victims of sexual harassment are young women aged 34-20.
About 60,000 of the women who were sexually harassed reported being harmed outside their workplace in the past year, compared to about 32,000 who reported being sexually harassed in the workplace.
Productivity rate - more than double the OECD average
As for marital status and fertility, it appears that Arab women marry at an earlier age than Jewish women.
This is the age of 22.8 among Muslim women and the age of 25.1 among Druze.
Jewish women marry at 26.7.
At the same time, the percentage of single Arabs is higher at the end of the fertile age.
At the end of 2019, among 29-25 year olds, 49.6% of Jewish and other women were married, compared to 72.0% of Arab women.
For comparison, in 2009, the figure was 51.3% among Jews and others and 77.5% among Arabs.
The data also show that about 173.5 thousand women gave birth in 2020. The average number of children a woman in Israel is expected to give birth to during her lifetime, ie the total fertility rate, is 2.90 children, higher than the average in OECD countries, when it was 1.61.
About 1.18 million women, representing 36%, are mothers of children.
Of these, 89% live with a spouse and 11% head single-parent families.
The average age of women who gave birth to their first child rose to 30.5, a year and a half more compared to the age in 2000.
Pregnant woman (isolation), Photo: GettyImages
The female-dominated sport - instrumental gymnastics
As for health, it appears that in 2020 the life expectancy of women was 84.8 years, compared to 80.7 years for men.
Women are expected to live 78.8% of their life years without a health problem that interferes with their functioning, and men - 82.3% of their life years.
Also, 56% of women aged 20 and over estimate that their health is 'very good', 29% estimate that their health is 'good'.
23.6% of the active athletes in Israel are female athletes.
The sport with the highest percentage of women with over 93% is gymnastics and trampoline and figure skating.
The preferred industry - gymnastics, Photo: Moshe Shai
Low dropout rates in schools
According to data on education, dropout rates among girls are lower than among boys.
Among twelfth-grade students, the rate of eligibility for a matriculation certificate among girls is higher than the rate among boys. 73.8% compared with 63.4% in 2020.
Screen of degree recipients from higher education institutions: 61.3% receive a bachelor's degree, 62.5% receive a master's degree and 50.5% receive a third degree.
In 1959, 351.7 thousand male and female students studied in Israel, of whom 207.5 thousand were women (59.0%). For comparison, in 1999/00) the percentage of women was similar (57.5%).
In the years 2020-2014, an average of 1,112 Israeli and foreign postgraduate researchers participated each year in postdoctoral research.
As for technology, it appears that 90% of women aged 20 and over use the Internet.
86% use the internet via mobile phone, similar to the rate among men.
61% of women are able to solve technical problems on a computer without the help of a professional, compared to 76% of men.
58% of women use the Internet for digital banking services compared to 65% of men.
Women use the Internet to search for health information (61%) at a higher rate than men, who make up 55% and 40% of women participate in dedicated groups online compared to 34% of men.
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